Uterine Fibroid Embolization

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. These fibroids can vary in size, number, and location, causing a range of symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, frequent urination, and complications during pregnancy.

What is Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE)?

Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat fibroids by cutting off their blood supply, causing them to shrink and eventually die. An interventional radiologist performs UFE using imaging guidance to insert a catheter into the arteries supplying the fibroids and injects tiny particles to block blood flow.

The UFE Procedure: Step-by-Step

1. 1. Preparation: You will have a pre-procedure consultation and may undergo imaging tests to evaluate your fibroids.
2. 2. Anesthesia: UFE is typically performed under local anesthesia with sedation, ensuring you're comfortable but awake.
3. 3. Access: A small incision is made in your groin or wrist to access the arterial system.
4. 4. Catheter Insertion: Using X-ray guidance, the interventional radiologist inserts a catheter into the uterine artery.
5. 5. Embolization: Tiny particles are injected through the catheter to block the blood flow to the fibroids.
6. 6. Completion: The catheter is removed, and the incision is closed. You'll be monitored for a few hours post-procedure.

Recovery and Aftercare

• Hospital Stay: Most patients go home the same day, although an overnight stay might be necessary for observation.
• Pain Management: Mild to moderate pain and cramping are common post-procedure and can be managed with medications.
• Follow-Up: Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor your recovery and the fibroids' response to treatment.
• Gradual Improvement: Symptoms often improve gradually over weeks to months as the fibroids shrink.

Benefits of Uterine Fibroid Embolization

• Minimally Invasive: No large incisions, reducing infection risk and scarring.
• Quick Recovery: Shorter recovery time compared to surgical options like hysterectomy.
• Effective Symptom Relief: Significant reduction in symptoms such as heavy bleeding and pelvic pain.
• Preserves Uterus: An alternative to hysterectomy, retaining the uterus and potentially fertility.
• Short Hospital Stay: Many patients can go home the same day or after a short hospital stay.

Commonly asked by Patients

1. 1. Is UFE safe?
   Yes, UFE is considered a safe and effective treatment for many women with symptomatic fibroids. Complications are rare.
2. 2. How long does the procedure take?
   The procedure typically takes 1 to 2 hours, but this can vary based on individual circumstances.
3. 3. Will I experience pain during the procedure?
   You will receive local anaesthesia and sedation to ensure you are comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
4. 4. How soon can I return to normal activities?
   Most women can return to normal activities within one to two weeks, but it may vary based on individual recovery rates.
5. 5. Can UFE affect fertility?
   UFE preserves the uterus, but its impact on fertility varies. Discuss your specific situation and future fertility plans with your doctor.
6. 6. How successful is UFE in treating fibroids?
   Studies show that approximately 85-90% of women experience significant symptom relief after UFE.
7. 7. Are there any alternatives to UFE?
   Alternatives include medication, surgical options like myomectomy or hysterectomy, and other minimally invasive procedures.
8. 8. What are the potential risks of UFE?
   Potential risks include infection, allergic reaction to the contrast dye, and rare complications like non-target embolization. Your doctor will discuss these risks in detail.

Uterine Fibroid Embolization offers a safe, effective, and minimally invasive alternative for women suffering from symptomatic uterine fibroids. By understanding the procedure, its benefits, and potential risks, patients can make informed decisions about their health and treatment options. If you are experiencing symptoms of fibroids, consult with your healthcare provider to discuss if UFE is the right option for you.